Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the capability of a machine or computer system to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include learning from experience, understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, and making decisions. The field of AI aims to create machines that can mimic, simulate, or replicate human-like cognitive functions.

1. Machine Learning (ML)
• A subset of AI, machine learning involves the development of algorithms that allow systems to learn from data. This learning process enables AI systems to improve their performance on a specific task over time.
2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
• NLP focuses on enabling machines to understand, interpret, and generate human language. This is crucial for applications like chatbots, language translation, and sentiment analysis.
3. Computer Vision
• This field involves teaching machines to interpret and make decisions based on visual data, such as images and videos. Applications include facial recognition, object detection, and autonomous vehicles.